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J.K. Rowling describes the photograph that inspired her to establish Lumos, a charity dedicated to ending the institutionalisation of children. The image showed a distressed boy confined to a caged bed in a residential institution. Rowling says her initial impulse to look away reflected a wider tendency to overlook the estimated eight million children living in institutions worldwide.

According to Rowling, most of these children have living parents but are separated from their families because of poverty, disability, discrimination, or a lack of accessible education and healthcare. Others lack parents or cannot safely remain at home but have no family-based alternative. She argues that institutional care can cause lasting physical, developmental and psychological harm, even in well-resourced facilities. Children may face malnutrition, abuse, trafficking and social isolation, while a lack of consistent attention can be especially damaging to infants.

Lumos advocates replacing institutions with support that allows children to grow up in families and communities. Its proposed measures include inclusive health and education services, assistance for vulnerable families, and fostering or adoption when children cannot stay with their parents. Rowling argues that family-based care is also more cost-effective and can reduce long-term dependency.

Lumos estimates that child institutionalisation could be eradicated globally by 2050. Rowling cites progress in countries where the charity works: the number of children in institutions fell by 70% in Moldova and 54% in Bulgaria, while admissions fell by 75% in a Lumos demonstration area in the Czech Republic. In Bulgaria, the number of foster carers also rose substantially.

Rowling calls on international donors and the public to support the transition to family-based care. Lumos launched the social media campaign **#LetsTalkLumos** to raise awareness, and Rowling says she has committed to serving as the charity’s president for life.